Top 20 Largest Tribes In Nigeria

Pinu 26 Aug 2024

Nigeria is a country rich in cultural diversity, featuring a multitude of ethnic groups that contribute to its vibrant heritage. Among these, the tribes of Nigeria are not only the backbone of its cultural identity but also play a significant role in the socio-economic landscape of the nation. This article will delve into the top 20 largest tribes in Nigeria, exploring their unique customs, languages, and contributions to the country.

Understanding the largest tribes in Nigeria is essential for anyone interested in the country's cultural dynamics and social structure. With over 250 ethnic groups, Nigeria is home to some of the largest tribes in Africa, each with its distinct language, traditions, and social organization. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these tribes, highlighting their significance and influence in Nigerian society.

As we explore the largest tribes in Nigeria, you will gain insights into their historical backgrounds, cultural practices, and the role they play in the modern Nigerian state. This information is crucial not only for cultural appreciation but also for fostering unity and understanding in a diverse nation.

1. Hausa
2. Yoruba
3. Igbo
4. Fulani
5. Kanuri
6. Ibibio
7. Tiv
8. Edo
9. Ijaw
10. Nupe
11. Gwari
12. Efik
13. Jukun
14. Idoma
15. Ngas
16. Berom
17. Mumuye
18. Agbor
19. Enuani
20. Anang

1. Hausa

The Hausa are one of the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria and are predominantly located in the northern regions of the country. They are known for their rich culture, which includes traditional music, art, and festivals. The Hausa language is one of the most widely spoken in Nigeria and serves as a lingua franca in many northern states.

Key Characteristics of the Hausa Tribe

Population: Approximately 30 million
Language: Hausa
Major Occupations: Trade, agriculture, and crafts
Religion: Mainly Islam

2. Yoruba

The Yoruba tribe is primarily located in the southwestern region of Nigeria and is known for its vibrant culture and rich history. The Yoruba language is spoken by millions and has numerous dialects. The tribe is also famous for its unique festivals, art, music, and traditional practices.

Key Characteristics of the Yoruba Tribe

Population: Approximately 45 million
Language: Yoruba
Major Occupations: Agriculture, trade, and politics
Religion: Christianity and traditional beliefs

3. Igbo

The Igbo tribe is one of the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria, predominantly found in the southeastern region. They are known for their entrepreneurial spirit and rich cultural heritage, which includes unique festivals, traditional clothing, and dances. The Igbo language, which has various dialects, is widely spoken within the community.

Key Characteristics of the Igbo Tribe

Population: Approximately 33 million
Language: Igbo
Major Occupations: Trade, agriculture, and industry
Religion: Christianity and traditional beliefs

4. Fulani

The Fulani people are a nomadic tribe primarily found in the northern regions of Nigeria. They are known for their cattle herding and pastoral lifestyle. The Fulani language, known as Fulfude, is spoken by millions across West Africa, and they have a rich cultural heritage that includes traditional music, dance, and festivals.

Key Characteristics of the Fulani Tribe

Population: Approximately 19 million
Language: Fulfude
Major Occupations: Cattle herding and agriculture
Religion: Islam

5. Kanuri

The Kanuri tribe is predominantly found in northeastern Nigeria, particularly in Borno State. They have a rich history and cultural heritage, with the Kanuri language being widely spoken. The tribe is known for its agricultural practices and traditional craftsmanship.

Key Characteristics of the Kanuri Tribe

Population: Approximately 4 million
Language: Kanuri
Major Occupations: Agriculture and trade
Religion: Islam

6. Ibibio

The Ibibio tribe is primarily located in the southeastern region of Nigeria, particularly in Akwa Ibom State. They are known for their rich cultural practices, including traditional music, dance, and art. The Ibibio language is widely spoken within the tribe and is known for its oral traditions.

Key Characteristics of the Ibibio Tribe

Population: Approximately 5 million
Language: Ibibio
Major Occupations: Agriculture and fishing
Religion: Christianity and traditional beliefs

7. Tiv

The Tiv tribe is primarily found in the middle-belt region of Nigeria. They are known for their agricultural practices and vibrant cultural heritage, which includes traditional music, dance, and festivals. The Tiv language is widely spoken and has a rich oral tradition.

Key Characteristics of the Tiv Tribe

Population: Approximately 3 million
Language: Tiv
Major Occupations: Agriculture and trading
Religion: Christianity and traditional beliefs

8. Edo

The Edo tribe is predominantly found in Edo State, located in the southern region of Nigeria. They have a rich cultural heritage, known for their traditional art, music, and festivals. The Edo language is widely spoken and has various dialects.

Key Characteristics of the Edo Tribe

Population: Approximately 2.5 million
Language: Edo
Major Occupations: Agriculture and trade
Religion: Christianity and traditional beliefs

9. Ijaw

The Ijaw tribe is primarily located in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. They are known for their unique cultural practices, including traditional fishing and agriculture. The Ijaw language has various dialects and is spoken by millions within the community.

Key Characteristics of the Ijaw Tribe

Population: Approximately 2 million
Language: Ijaw
Major Occupations: Fishing and agriculture
Religion: Christianity and traditional beliefs

10. Nupe

The Nupe tribe is primarily found in north-central Nigeria. They have a rich cultural heritage and are known for their traditional crafts, music, and festivals. The Nupe language is widely spoken among the tribe.